Process of making edged tools.



No. 676,832. Patented lune l8, l 90l. O. O. ZEIGLER.

PROCESS OF MAKING EOGED TOOLS.

' led Mar. 20, 1900 UNTTED STATES I PATENT @rrron.

CHARLES D. ZEIGLER, OF LEWISTOWVN, PENNSYLVANIA.

PROCESS OF MAKING EDGED TOOLS.

STE-EGIFLGATI QN forming part of Letters Patent No. 676,832, dated June18, 1901. Application filed March 20,1900. Serial No. 9,442. (No moclehlTo all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES D. ZEIGLER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Lewistown, in the county of Mifflin and State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inProcesses of Making Edged Tools; and I do hereby declare the followingto be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such aswill enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make anduse the same.

My invention relates to improvements in the process of producing edgedtools, and particularly axes, hatchets, and similar edgetools; and ithas for its object the production of a tool having a head composed of alow grade or cast steel head and cutting edge of highgrade edge-steel,the process relating particularly to the manner in which thehighgrade-steel edge is united to the cast-steel head or blank.

According to my process the head or blank of the tool is first cast froman open-hearth furnaceinto a mold or chill. The mold or chill ispreferably formed in two sections, and in the production of an aX-head asand core is provided in the mold to form the eye of the tool. The heador blank of the tool is cast into any desired form, according to theshape of the mold used, and after being removed from the mold orchill apiece of high-grade steel is united with the cast blank to formthe edgeof the tool. This piece of high-grade steel, which is to constitute theedge of the finished tool, is united by welding after the blank isremoved from the mold. The piece of steel which is to constitute theedge of the tool may be laid on the cast blank, or the latter may be soformed in the mold that the edge-steel may be inserted intoa V- shapedcavity therefor in a cast blank.

In order that my invention may be more readily understood, reference ishad to the accompanying drawings, in which are shown a mold or chill inwhichthe blank may be cast, as well as a development of the tool.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a plan view of acast-iron mold or steel, such as has been used by me in carrying out myprocess. Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the mold or chill closed. Fig. 3is a vertical sectional view through the closed mold or chill. Fig. 4:is a side elevation of the cast blank as it comes from the mold. Fig. 5is an edge view of the same. Fig. 6 is a side elevation of a finished axproduced according to my process, and Fig. 7 is an edge view of thesame.

The mold or chill (shown in Fig. 1) consists of two sections A A, hingedtogether so as to be opened and closed upon each other, the saidsections being provided with cavities A A which when the mold is closedform a cavity to receive the molten metal. These cavities are providedwith lateral extensions (t for the reception of the ends of a core Apreferably of' sand, to form the eye of the tool. The mold is filledthrough an opening formed one-halt in each of the sections A and A, asseen at A and A in Fig. 1.

In Figs. at and 5 are shown blanks as they come from the mold, thatportion of the blank to which the edge is to be united being tapered, asshown, or made with a V-shaped recess, as indicated in dotted lines.Thus the piece of steel to form the edge of the tool may be laid on overthe blank or may be inserted in this recess.

In Figs. 6 and 7,wherein are shown views of a finished ax 13 made inaccordance with my process, the steel edge I) is shown as laid on, butit may be inserted, as hereinbefore described.

The Welding of the steel edge with the cast blank is effected in theordinary manner of weldingthat is to say, by the parts being heated tothe welding heat and by hammering cause the molecules of the steel edgeto unite firmly with the molecules of the cast blank. The tool isafterward finished in any convenient manner to the desired shape.

I am aware that it has been proposed to cast a tool-head upon a steeledge by placing the steel for the edge into the mold and afterwardpouring molten metal (cast-iron) into the mold and allowing it to runaround the steel edge, depending entirely upon the heat of the moltenmetal to unite the steel edge with the cast-iron head. This process isobjectionable in that a perfect union between the steel edge and thecast head cannot be effected, and it is the object of myinvention toproduce a tool of this character the steel edge of which is successfullyunited with the cast head by welding.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. The herein-described process of forming edged tools which consists incasting a blank for the head of the tool from an open-hearth furnaceinto a suitable mold; removing the blank thus cast from the mold, thenWelding a piece of high-grade steel to the cast blank to form the edgeof the tool, and finally finishing the tool, substantially as described.

2. The herein-described process of making edged tools which consists informing a cast for the head of the tool of molten steel in a suitablemold and afterward welding a highgrade steel onto the blank for the edgeof the tool, and afterward finishing the tool, substantially asdescribed.

3. An edge-tool having a head or body portion consisting of a casting ofductile low carbon metal and a steel cutting-bit secured to said castingby a hammer-weld, the surface joint between the two metals following theirregular line due to the flow of the metals in hammer-welding the same,substantially as specified.

4. The mode herein described of making an edge-tool, said modeconsisting in casting the body of the tool of ductile low-carbon metal,forming an openingin said casting, inserting the tongue of a steelcutting-bit in said opening, both parts having been previously heated toa welding heat, and securing the two together by hammer-welding,substantial] y as specified.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

CHARLES D. ZEIGLER.

Vituesses:

H. I. TAYLOR, A. REED HAYES.

